| 1977-83 | Member, West Bengal Youth Congress Working Committee |
| 1979-80 | General-Secretary, Mahila Congress (I), West Bengal |
| 1978-81 | Secretary, District Congress Committee (Indira)[D.C.C. (I)], Calcutta South |
| 1984 | Elected to 8th Lok Sabha General-Secretary, All India Youth Congress (I) |
| 1985-87 | Member, Committee on the Welfare of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes |
| 1987-88 | Member, National Council, All India Youth Congress (I) Member, Consultative Committee, Ministry of Home Affairs Member, Consultative Committee, Ministry of Human Resource Development |
| 1988 | Member, Executive Committee, Congress Parliamentary Party [C.P.P. (I)] |
| 1989 | Member, Executive Committee, Pradesh Congress Committee [P.C.C. (I)], West Bengal |
| 1990 | President, Youth Congress, West Bengal |
| 1991 | Re-elected to 10th Lok Sabha (2nd term) |
| 1991-93 | Union Minister of State, Human Resource Development, Department of Youth Affairs and Sports; and Women and Child Development |
| 1993-96 | Member, Committee on Home Affairs |
| 1995-96 | Member, Consultative Committee, Ministry of Home Affairs Member, Committee on Public Accounts |
| 1996 | Re-elected to 11th Lok Sabha (3rd term) |
| 1996-97 | Member, Committee on Home Affairs Member, Consultative Committee, Ministry of Home Affairs |
| 1997 | Founded All India Trinamool Congress and elected Chairperson, All India Trinamool Congress |
| 1998 | Re-elected to 12th Lok Sabha (4th term) |
| 1998-99 | Chairman, Committee on Railways Member, General Purposes Committee Member, Consultative Committee, Ministry of Home Affairs |
| 1999 | Re-elected to 13th Lok Sabha (5th term) Leader, All India Trinamool Congress Parliamentary Party, Lok Sabha Member, General Purposes Committee |
| 13 Oct. 1999 - 16 Mar. 2001 | Union Cabinet Minister, Railways |
| 2001-2003 | Member, Consultative Committee, Ministry of Industries |
| 8 Sep. 2003 - 8 Jan. 2004 | Union Cabinet Minister (without any portfolio) |
| 9 Jan. 2004- May 2004 | Union Cabinet Minister, Coal and Mines 2004 Re-elected to 14th Lok Sabha( 6th term) Member, Committee on Personnel, Public Grievances, Law & Justice |
| 5 Aug. 2006 | Member, Committee on Home Affairs |
| 5 Aug. 2007 | Member, Committee on Home Affairs |
| 2009 | Re-elected to 15th Lok Sabha (7th term) |
| 31 May 2009 | Union Cabinet Minister |
| 20 May 2011 | Sworn-in as the first woman Chief Minister of West Bengal. |
| 27 May 2016 | Sworn-in for the second time as Chief Minister of West Bengal. |
| 05 May 2021 | Sworn-in for the third time as Chief Minister of West Bengal. |